This work was done to perform a complete environmental assessment of municipal solid waste management system in Kigali City based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) model (EASEWASTE software) and policies regarding municipal solid waste sector in Kigali city. Rwanda has Kigali city as the capital city, currently, the City of Kigali has 1,223,000 inhabitants with annual growth of 4% on the area of 730 km². Rwandan urban population growth rate was 5% per year in the period 1978-1991 and currently stands at 9% per year and continues to increase. Rwanda is the most densely populated country in Africa. Kigali city has only one landfill located at North East of Kigali at Gasabo District, Nduba hill at Muremure cell at 10 Km from Kigali Center. The dumpsite in Kigali receives about 400 tons per day of solid, not sorted waste or 140,000 tons per year. The population in Kigali is expected to reach about 1.5 million by 2020. It is believed that the waste collected will reach about 1000T per day also.